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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure. Decreasing high blood pressure reduces the risk of heart attacks, kidney diseases, and strokes. Lisinopril is used to treat heart failure and increases survival rates following a heart attack. Lisinopril facilitates smooth blood flow by dilating blood vessels.Generic names: LisinoprilBrand names: Apo-Lisinopril, Prinivil, Qbrelis, ZestrilPharmacologic class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitorTherapeutic class: Antihypertensive, vasodilatorMechanism of action: Lisinopril reduces blood pressure by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor). This causes decreased plasma angiotensin II and decreased aldosterone (a hormone that regulates salt and water) secretion. Lisinopril decreases preload and afterload to decrease how hard the heart must contract.Indications for use: Mild to moderate hypertension, heart failure, adjunct therapy after acute myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable patients, and left ventricular dysfunction following MI. Off-label uses include diabetic nephropathy/retinopathy, migraine headache prevention, and proteinuria.Precautions and contraindications: Do not use when sensitive to other ACE inhibitors. Do not use with a history of angioedema. Take caution in patients with renal impairment, renal artery stenosis, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis, hypotension, dialysis, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia. African American patients may experience poorer cardiovascular outcomes. Drug interactions: Lisinopril with aliskiren, other ACE inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers can cause hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairmentAllopurinol, bone marrow suppressants (such as methotrexate), procainamide, and systemic corticosteroids can cause neutropenia or agranulocytosisCyclosporine, potassium-sparing diuretics, and potassium supplements can cause hyperkalemiaLisinopril taken with diuretics and other antihypertensives can have severe hypotensive effectsInsulin or oral antidiabetic agents can increase the hypoglycemic effectLithium can increase blood lithium levels and cause lithium toxicityNSAIDs can reduce the antihypertensive effect of lisinoprilHypotension may worsen when used with alcohol, ginseng, and licoriceAdverse effects: Vertigo, depression, stroke, insomnia, paresthesias, headache, fatigue, dizzinessChest pain, severe hypotension, sinus tachycardiaBlurred vision, nasal congestionNausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, flatulence, diarrheaLiver failureProteinuria, decreased renal functionDecreased libido, impotenceDecreased in neutrophils and granulocytes (decreased immune function)Rash, pruritusMuscle cramps, hyperkalemia, myalgiasDry cough, dyspnea, asthma, respiratory tract infectionsAdministration ConsiderationsAvailable preparations: Oral tablets and solution (Qbrelis)Dosages for adults: Dosage is dependent on use.For hypertension: 10-40 mg/day PO, with a maximum of 80 mg/day
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